Saturday, November 10, 2007

1205 – 1240 Notre Dame Motet



 

1215         Magna Carta
1226-35     Regency of Louis IX, France
1229         Inquisition established

 

Monophony

Laude


 

Laude were Italian religious songs at the time of St. Francis of Assisi (1182-1226).


 

Minnesingers


 

The Minnesingers were poet-musicians of noble birth who flourished from the 12th to the 14th centuries. Influenced by the troubadours, the movement began with the marriage of Frederick Barbarossa to Beatrix of Burgundy in 1156. Though "Minne" means chivalrous love, texts were usually narrative or devotional. An important early Minnesinger was Walther von der Vogelweide (d. 1230). About 175 songs of the Minnesingers are extant—all in either the Bar form (AAB, two Stollen and an Abgesang) or the Leich (sequence structure).


 

Polyphony

Notre Dame Organum


 

There were no new developments and the form died out between 1220 and 1230.


 

Motet


 

Polylingual motet |--French---- faster modes—Triplum
|--Latin------ faster modes—Motetus
|-------------- mode 5—Tenor

 

It still showed the form of Perotin's three-voice clausulae (middle voice called motetus). New in this generation was the use of secular French text; some had two different French texts (polytextual) while some showed one French voice and one Latin voice (polylingual). There were no outstanding composers.


 

Theory and Notation


 

The shift from organum to motet brought changes: (1) the score arrangement of organum parts changed to individual parts, as in the diagram opposites, and (2) the joined note heads used in the ligatures of modal notation were replaced by not clearly mensural single notes for use with a text. Before Franco the distinction between longa and brevis gradually developed and the semibrevis and rests were introduced.


 

Discontus Positio Vulgaris (c. 1225) was a treatise on black mensural notation.

No comments: